PC can install a full simulator to run both XBox ánd PS games.
Wii and kinetic are two of the few that are not possible though.
Xbox 360 and PS3 have no freely available emulator. Emulators of them might be available from their manufacture but they are intended for testing and not real time (would run at about 1/1,000 real speed). This applies to Wii U as well which is also the IBM architecture (all are "Cell" technology systems).
Xbox (original), PS2, Gamecube/Wii are emulate-able on the PC. This is because they were created before computer speed growth started to fail. They are sufficiently simple that full speed real time emulation is possible.
Xbox One and PS4 are both x86-64 systems using standard PC components. As such they require no emulation since most games for them can be built for PC and ported to them as required. Currently the graphic API is problematic to port however Windows 10 DX12 will solve that. The only thing stopping you running PlayStation exclusives on your PC is Sony purposely forcing them to remain exclusive to PlayStation 4. Most Xbox One "exclusives" should also appear for Windiows 10 since Microsoft owns both and is actively trying to unify the two platforms.
But a PC can run it way faster (assuming you have a gaming PC) and you can have the exact same controller attached to your PC and have your PC attached to an enormous TV.
Currently it cannot. Consoles can do stuff PCs just cannot do efficiently due to the way they are designed. Specifically most cutting edge Xbox One and PlayStation 4 games (Final Fantasy 15) perform very badly on PCs because the PC graphic API is inefficient. This is changing with Windows 10 where Direct 3D 12 standardizes the API with that of Xbox One so that PC and Xbox One can perform the same sorts of graphic operations efficiently as well. Currently Xbox One uses a special purpose API which is why it can do this. Additionally PCs can also do this if they use a modern AMD graphic card and the game is written to use AMD Mantel GPU framework however this defeats portability since NVidia dominates PC market GPUs (and are capable of equal if not better performance than AMD GPUs).
There is no doubt PCs will run all current games faster soon, but not at the moment.
With exception of the Xbox One and PlayStation 4, all consoles use a different processor architecture from PC. This means that they inherently work completely differently and so cannot natively run the games. The Xbox 360 and PS3 are especially bad as they are powerful consoles (running at ~3 GHz clock speed) but have unusual core configuration and IBM designed instruction set (IBM does stuff very differently). Emulating a single cycle can take more than 100 cycles and due to the clock speed roof we have hit that is not possible. As such games running on the Xbox 360 or PS3 emulated on a PC would take several seconds per frame, not realtime play and slow enough that all multiplayer services will spot it as not genuine. It is possible for PS2/Wii/Xbox purely due to them being so slow in comparison. Only reason Xbox does not have an emulator is because it had so few game releases for it (lasted a very short time) and attempts to make an emulator were shut down by Microsoft for various reasons.
also, you can actually upgrade guts of your PC(even laptop should be doable),
Not anymore., look at Apple laptops. They come as a single board (the motherboard) with GPU, CPU and RAM all soldiered onto it. This is identical to how Xbox One and PS4 are constructed. Changing hardware is not possible because the soldiering cannot be done manually (only in specialist factories).