Yes, Ichigo actually beated the crap out of Aizen but even with the Final getsuga Tenshou, Aizen was able to survived through it which makes Ichigo powerless for upon using the Final Getsuga, Ichigo will lose his shinigami power. But good thing, before Urahara was defeated by Aizen, Urahara planyted some kind of thing into Aizen which will activate when Aizen is too weak and kill him.