Actually it appears instantly on the 'pending maps' category, and in the normal 'browse maps' category in about 3 days. If the map is not aproved it will have the blue text saying so, "this resource is still in the moderation queue". Aproved maps do not have the blue text, and they appear on the 'browse maps' category and can also appear on the front page as the 'newest map'.
No, just make them good and the presentation interesting
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Our resource mods are hardly experts at anything.
Maps dont have to be unprotected. In most cases, unprotected map = crap.