I/O stands for Input/Output. As computer backing storage works approximately 1000 times slower than memory, any form of interaction with the backing storage impacts performance badly. WC3 can literally site idle for many milliseconds as it waits for blocks to be read from backing storage, as there is only 16 and a bit miliseconds in a frame, this is a huge amount of time. WC3 is also not very efficient when loading data, using a lot of O(n) type looks to process object data.
It can also be caused by abilities. Especially if you add abilities to units that were not on any unit during map initialization, the game will be forced to load the ability data. If the ability has hundreds of levels, this can take a huge amount of time, during which WC3 will be unresponsive.