To start off, I learned few things and always keep asking questions to moderators and such (through Private Message, mostly)
And some tutorials, lessons and advices from threads to threads
You can use the 'Search' button up there to search whatever you like, first, start off with simple triggering, then go to moderate ones, and lastly, you'll be able to create a MUI trigger
There are many tutorials at this Hive, just search for it
Get used to Object Editor and know every possible spells that can solve many problems at instant
On to the trigger;
Custom script is simply a JASS built-in function in GUI which allows you to manually call a function that is not normally within GUI capabilities
It's not for you yet to learn Custom script function to its finest, just focus on removing leaks and you'll be fine
There 2 different things on triggers; Systems | Spells
Well, this thread is focused on
Systems not Spells, you have to truly understand the nature of these two concepts before making a decision to trigger it
I can't really explain each trigger that I did in that test map, but I'll do my best
That's all I should say, oh and to answer this;
How long did it take you to be comfortable making new maps, and how did you learn it?
6 months more or less
Oh, I did not create maps, I just designed systems and spells for others, I am mainly not a Map Creator, but a Spell Maker or System Maker
I did not have any creative idea how to make the map interesting whatsoever, that's my weakness
And, practice makes perfect